Conditions I diagnose and treat

Dr. Emmanuel Bolaños Betancourt: ophthalmic surgeon with advanced training in cornea, refractive surgery and cataract microsurgery. I see patients at Hospital Aranda de la Parra Puerto Interior (20 minutes from León) and at Oftalmo-Visión Clínica Oftalmológica in downtown Silao. Board certified by the Consejo Mexicano de Oftalmología since 2013, member 3045. Over 15 years of clinical practice, 292 combined Google reviews with a 4.9 average.

Eye Diseases and Conditions I Treat

Refractive errors: I treat refractive problems like myopia (trouble seeing distant objects), hyperopia (trouble seeing close objects) and astigmatism (distorted vision from an irregular corneal curvature). These are common conditions that affect visual focus and can be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, laser surgery or intraocular lenses, depending on your case.

Infectious and allergic conjunctivitis: Conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the layer that lines the inside and outside of the eye. It can be caused by viruses, bacteria or allergies. If you have redness, discharge or itching, I can identify the cause and give you the right treatment to relieve symptoms and prevent complications.

Blepharitis: This is a chronic inflammation of the eyelids that can cause crusting, itching, burning and a gritty feeling. I treat it with specialized eyelid margin hygiene, antibiotics or anti-inflammatories, depending on whether the cause is bacterial or seborrheic.

Infectious and autoimmune keratitis: Keratitis is inflammation of the cornea. It can come from infections (bacteria, viruses, fungi) or from immune conditions. Either way, it needs prompt attention to avoid permanent vision damage. I diagnose it and treat it with medication or intervention depending on the cause.

Dry eye syndrome: When the quantity or quality of your tears is insufficient, you can experience burning, blurry vision or a gritty sensation. I identify the type of dry eye (evaporative or from insufficient tear production) and treat it with artificial tears, anti-inflammatories, supplements or advanced treatments as needed.

Ocular burns: Whether from chemicals, heat, intense light or radiation, a burn on the surface of the eye can seriously affect your vision. I treat these cases urgently, with specific medication, intensive lubrication and close follow-up to preserve visual function.

Hereditary corneal dystrophies: These genetic conditions affect the layers of the cornea, causing loss of transparency or abnormal deposits. They’re progressive and can go unnoticed for years. I diagnose them with specialized studies and, when needed, recommend medical or surgical treatment based on the stage.

Acquired corneal degenerations: Unlike dystrophies, these develop over time from external causes or chronic conditions. They can affect vision or cause discomfort. I evaluate them with topography and a slit lamp exam to determine the right treatment.

Corneal ectasia (keratoconus and post-surgical ectasia): Ectasias are progressive deformations of the cornea. Keratoconus, for example, makes the cornea become cone shaped and distorts vision. It can also appear after refractive surgery. I run studies to catch it early and offer treatments like crosslinking, intracorneal rings or specialty contact lenses.

Eyelid and tear duct conditions: I treat conditions like droopy eyelids (ptosis), entropion (eyelid turning inward), ectropion (eyelid turning outward), tear duct obstruction and constant tearing. These can affect your vision, comfort and appearance. In each case, I explain whether it calls for medication or surgery.

Cataracts: A cataract is when the eye’s natural lens becomes cloudy, causing blurry vision, glare and trouble seeing clearly. I perform cataract surgery with modern technology and place custom intraocular lenses based on your visual needs.

Glaucoma: This disease damages the optic nerve, often without symptoms at first. It’s linked to elevated eye pressure. I detect it with specific studies and manage it with drops, laser or surgery, depending on the type and grade.

Diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy: If you have diabetes or high blood pressure, your blood vessels can damage the retina over time. Left uncontrolled, this condition can affect your vision permanently. I perform periodic checkups and, when necessary, apply laser or medication to protect your retina.

Strabismus: Strabismus is when the eyes aren’t properly aligned. It can appear in childhood or adulthood. I evaluate the type of deviation and offer solutions with exercises, glasses or corrective surgery when needed.

Uveitis: This is internal inflammation of the eye that can affect several structures at once. It can be caused by infections, autoimmune disease or unknown causes. I diagnose it with additional studies and provide anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory treatment.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): This disease affects the central part of the retina (the macula) and causes loss of central vision. It’s common in older adults. I detect it with OCT and a fundus exam, and explain the monitoring and treatment options available.

Ocular trauma: Blows, foreign bodies, wounds or accidental injuries can damage the external and internal structures of the eye. I treat these cases immediately, assess the damage and provide the treatment needed to protect visual function.

Optic neuritis and visual neuropathies: When the optic nerve becomes inflamed or damaged, you can experience sudden vision loss or changes in color and contrast perception. I investigate whether the cause is infectious, inflammatory or neurological, and guide you through diagnosis and management.

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Last updated: May 30, 2026 · Reviewed by Dr. Emmanuel Bolaños, ophthalmic surgeon (Mexican Board of Ophthalmology, member 3045).